RS-45 (R434A)
Zero ODP replacement for R22 in new and existing systems and compatible with all lubricants
RS-45 with its high cooling capacity compliments RS-44 (R424A), and is compatible with all types of lubricants. RS-45 replaces R22 in both refrigeration & air conditioning applications. With its low glide (one third of R407C), RS-45 can be used in a wide range of applications. RS-45 provides Original Equipment Manufacturers with an alternative to R407C but without the problems associated with a low glide.
RS-45 is compatible both with the traditional mineral and alkylbenzene oils, and also the new polyol ester lubricants. Consquently, R22 can be replaced by RS-45 in both new equipment & in retrofit situations offering considerable cost savings, where the cost of converting to alternatives such as R407C is either prohibitively expensive or technically unsatisfactory (or both).
Performance Characteristics
- Suitable in OEM & retrofit applications
- Close match for R22 in cooling capacity
- Low temperature glide
- Near azeotropic property widens application range
- Compatible with MO, AB & POE lubricants
- Effective in low & high temperature applications
- Same compression ratio as R22
- Application in systems with a variable expansion device
- Considerably lower discharge temperature than R22
- Zero Ozone Depletion Potential
- Non flammable & low toxicity
Applications
Because RS-45 is a close match for R22 with similar cooling capacity, energy efficiency, pressures & low glide, it is suited for use in new equipment by Original Equipment Manufactures where it has significant advantages over R407C. RS-45 does not suffer from the inherent disadvantages of R407C & presents OEMs with a realistic alternative when deciding on a replacement for R22.
Owing to the fact that RS-45 is compatible with mineral & alkylbenzene lubricants, it is suitable for use as a Drop-in replacement for R22 in systems which contain an expansion device. In systems with a capillary tube or fixed orifice, RS-44 (R424A) is the preferred product.
Applications for RS-45 include but are not restricted to air conditioning, refrigerated transport, supermarkets, dairy chillers, cold stores, beer cellars, water chillers and others.
Low Glide Alternative to R407C
RS-45 is a near azeotropic blend with a glide of 1.5°C with compares to R407's glide of 5°C. The high glide of R407C can result in icing up of the evaporator & fractionation of the blend which results in high pressures in the condenser & reduced performance. Consequently, the application range of R407C is limited &, for example, is not suitable for use in flooded systems, chillers, low temperature refrigeration, refrigerated transport, cold stores & other applications.
RS-45 overcomes these problems with its high cooling capacity, energy efficiency & near azeotropic features as well as being compatible not only with synthetic lubricants such as polyol esters but also mineral & alkylbenzene oils. RS-45 is suitable for use in both air conditioning & refrigeration applications.
Compression Ratio
High compression ratios can result in increased energy expenditure and the potential for compressor damage. RS-45 has a compression ratio which matches R22 across the range of applications where R22 is commonly found.
Lubricants
RS-45 is compatible with both the traditional and new synthetic lubricants so that there is no need to change the oil when converting from R22 to RS-45. RS-45 is suitable for use with mineral, alkylbenzene and polyol ester oils.
Safety
RS-45 is non flammable under all conditions of fractionation as per ASHRAE Standard 34. The components of RS-45 have been subjected to toxicity tests carried out by the Alternative Fluorocarbons Environmental Study (AFEAS), and have been declared to be of low toxicity.
Servicing
Because RS-45 is a blend, it should be charged into the system in the liquid as opposed to vapour form. There is no need to make any hardware changes when converting from R22 to RS-45 but there may be a need to adjust the expansion device.
Physical Properties
| RS-45 | R22 | ||
| Molecular weight | 105.3 | 86.5 | |
| Boiling point (1 atm) | °C | -44.9(1) | -40.8 |
| °F | -48.8(1) | -41.4 | |
| Temperature Glide | °K | 1.5 | 0 |
| Critical temperature | °C | 77.83 | 96.1 |
| °F | 172.1 | 204.8 | |
| Critical pressure | bara | 39.31 | 49.9 |
| psia | 570.2 | 724 | |
| Liquid density (25°C) | kg/m³ | 1096 | 1191 |
| Density of saturated vapour (25°C) | kg/m³ | 53.1 | 44.2 |
| Latent heat of vaporisation at boiling point | kJ/kg | 190(1) | 234 |
| Cv at 25°C and 1 bara | kJ/kg.K | 0.775 | 0.559 |
| Cp (25°C and 1 bara) | kJ/kg.K | 0.861 | 0.662 |
| Cp/Cv at 25°C and 1 bara | 1.111 | 1.185 | |
| Vapour pressure (25°C) | bara | 11.8(1) | 10.4 |
| psia | 163(1) | 151 | |
| Vapour viscosity (25°C & 1 bara) | cP | 0.0128 | 0.0126 |
| Liquid viscosity (25°C) | cP | 0.136 | 0.166 |
| Liquid thermal conductivity (25°C) | W/m.K | 0.0665 | 0.0808 |
| Surface tension (25°C) | N/m | 0.00528 | 0.00808 |
| Specific heat of liquid (25°C) | kJ/kg.K | 1.50 | 1.26 |
| Ozone Depletion Potential | ODP | 0 | 0.055 |
| Flammability limit in air (1 atm) | vol% | none | none |
| Inhalation exposure (8 hr day and 40 hr week) | ppm | 1000 | 1000 |
(1) Bubble point